名词所有格的构成和用法复习素材知识点 指一个名词与另一个名词之间存在所有关系时所用的形式。其构成有两种:一是名词末尾加’s;二是of加名词。前者多表示有生命的东西;后者多用来表示无生命的东西。如Children’s Palace 少年宫,Tom’s bike 汤姆的自行车,the title of the book 书名,the legs of the table 桌子的腿。 (一)所有格形式的构成 (1)单数名词后加’s: the girl’s father 女孩的父亲 (2)以s结尾的复数名词后加’:two hours’ walk 两个小时的步行 (3)不以s结尾的复数名词后加’s:the children’s holiday 孩子们的节日 (4)以s结尾的人名,可以加’s,也可加’号:Thomas’s brother 托马斯的兄弟;Charles’s job 查尔斯的工作 (5)表示各自的所有关系,不是共有的,则在各个名词后加’s;若表示共有的,则在最后一个名词后加’s:John’s and Mary’s rooms 约翰和玛丽各人的房间 John and Mary’s room 约翰和玛丽合住的房间 (二)’s所有格的用法 ’s所有格常表示有生命的东西,也可表示无生命的东西。 (1)表示时间:today’s newspaper 今天的报纸 (2)表示自然现象:the moon’s rays 月光 (3)表示国家、城市机构:Shanghai’s industry 上海的工业(4)表示度量衡及价值:five miles’ distance 5英里的距离;twenty dollars’ value 20美元的价值 (三)of所有格 of所有格可表同位、所属、动宾、全体和部分、主谓,还可表示原料、来源、内容、时间、质量、距离、面积、方位等:the name of Robert罗伯特这个名字;the title of the book这本书的名字;the description of the grassland对草原的描写;some of the students学生中的一些;the arrival of the visitors访客的到达;the house of stone 石头房子;a girl of royal blood皇家血统的女孩;a story of adventures历险故事;the events of the decade 10年的事件;goods of first-rate quality质量一流的物品;a distance of 5 kilometers 5千米的距离 拓展 ’s所有格和of所有格的用法比较 (1) ’s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西;of所有格既可用于有生命的东西,也可用于无生命的东西。 I don’t like Mrs Green’s children.=I don’t like the children of Mrs Green. 我不喜欢格林夫人的孩子。 The score of the game is two all. 比赛结果是二比二平。 注意 ’s所有格有时也可用于无生命的东西,主要用于表时间、国家、城市、组织机构、车辆船只以及某些集合名词或度量衡等的名词后。 Have you seen today’s paper? 你看到今天的报纸了吗? I like the car’s design. 我喜欢这辆车的设计。 Which’s the country’s biggest city? 这个国家最大的城市是哪个? (2) 表示类别、来源等时,通常用’s所有格;表同位关系时,通常用of所有格。“男厕所” men’s room,通常 不说the room of men,因为“男”指的是类别;“长沙市”通常说成the city of Changsha,不说Changsha’s city,因为“长沙”与“市”是同位关系。 Once upon a time, there was a gang of evil goblins (小妖精) who lived in a forest. They spent a lot of their time __1__(make) fun of a poor old man who could now hardly move, see, or hear. They showed no respect for his age. The situation became so extreme that Great Wizard decided __2__(teach) the goblins a lesson. He cast a spell, and from that moment, every insult __3__(direct) at the old man made the old man better, but had the opposite effect __4__ the goblin who was doing the insulting. Of course, the goblins knew nothing about __5__ was happening. The more they called the man an “old fool”, the __6__(young) of mind he became, while the goblin __7__ had shouted at him aged rapidly, and became a little more foolish. As time went on, those evil goblins were becoming terribly old, ugly, stupid, and clumsy without even __8__(realize) it. Finally, the Great Wizard allowed the goblins __9__(see) themselves, and __10__(surprise) they saw that they had turned into the disgusting creatures. ![]() |